Экзегеза прп. Исидора Пелусиота († 449): точка пересечения александрийской и антиохийской экзегетических традиций

Протоиерей Борис Тимофеев
старший преподаватель кафедры библеистики Московской духовной академии, 141300, Сергиев Посад, Троице-Сергиева Лавра, Академия, bortim@mail.ru

Богословский вестник. 2019. Т. 33. № 2. С. 80-90.

doi: 10.31802/2500-1450-2019-33-80-90

Аннотация
Данная статья представляет собой попытку реконструкции экзегетического метода прп. Исидора Пелусиота. Прп. Исидор как богослов и экзегет формировался в контексте александрийской богословской традиции, однако при этом под влиянием личности и произведений свт. Иоанна Златоуста усвоил некоторые принципы антиохийской экзегезы, поэтому для реконструкции экзегетического метода прп. Исидора важно определить источники содержания и возможный масштаб влияния обеих традиций. Для этого необходимо провести поиск и анализ возможных заимствований. В комментариях на отрывки из исторических и законодательных книг Священного Писания преобладает влияние духовно-нравственной аллегорезы Филона и Оригена. В толкованиях мессианских пророческих текстов преобладает влияние толкований Диодора Тарсийского, Феодора Мопсуестийского и свт. Иоанна Златоуста.

Ключевые слова: экзегеза, Александрийская школа, Антиохийская школа, прп. Исидор Пелусиот, Священное Писание, буквальный смысл, духовный смысл, экзегетика, герменевтика

Библиография
Источники
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Литература
Михайлов П. Б. Экзегетика Священного Писания: Каппадокийские Отцы: Учеб. пособие. М.: ПСТГУ, 2018.
Évieux P. Isidore de Péluse. Paris: Beauchesne, 1995. (Théologie historique; vol. 99).
Fouskas C. M. St. Isidore of Pelusium and the New Testament. Athens: [б. и.], 1967.
Fouskas D. Saint Isidore of Pelusium. His Life and his Works. Athens: [б. и.], 1970.
Mariès L. Études préliminaires à l’édition de Diodore de Tarse sur les Psaumes. Paris: Édition des Belles Lettre, 1933.

Archpriest Boris Timofeev
Senior Lecturer at the Department of Biblical Studies of Мoscow Theological Аcademy, Holy Trinity-St. Sergius Lavra, Sergiev Posad 141300, Russia, bortim@mail.ru

Theological Herald, vol. 33, no. 2, 2019, pp. 80-90. (In Russian).

doi:

Abstract
This article is an attempt to reconstruct the exegetical method of St. Isidore of Pelusium. St. Isidore as a theologian and exegete was formed in the context of the Alexandrian theological tradition, but at the same time under the influence of the person and works of St. John Chrysostom he became acquainted with the traditional approaches of the Antiochian exegetical school in the interpretation of Holy Scripture. In addition to the writings of St. John Chrysostom St. Isidore also read the works of other Antiochians: Eusebius of Ames, Diodorus of Tarsus, Theodore of Mopsuestia, and others. As a result of this acquaintance, the monk incorporated into his hermeneutic system several Antiochian exegetical principles. Therefore, to reconstruct the exegetical method of St. Isidore of Pelusium one needs to consider the influence of both the Alexandrian and the Antiochian theological schools. It is important to determine the sources of the content and the possible scale of influence of both traditions. For this it is necessary to conduct a search and analysis of possible borrowings. In the commentaries on excerpts from the historical and legislative books of the Holy Scriptures, the influence of the spiritual and moral allegorisms of Philo and Origen prevails. In the interpretations of the Messianic prophetic texts ‒ the influence of the interpretations of Diodorus of Tarsus, Theodore of Mopsuestia, and St. John Chrysostom.

Keywords: exegesis, Alexandrian school, Antioch school, St. Isidore of Pelusium, Holy Scripture, literal meaning, spiritual meaning, exegesis, hermeneutics.

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